Noun
What is a Noun ?
Noun is a naming word which is used as the name of a person, place, thing, feeling, action, quality, state.
It’s a word used to identify entities, whether they are tangible ( something you can touch ) like “table” or “dog” or intangible (something you can’t touch but can only feel ) like “happiness” or “love”.
Nouns can be singular (referring to one item) or plural (referring to more than one item).
How to identify a Noun in a given sentence ?
To identify a noun in each sentence we always need to focus on following three question words: Who/What/Whom
Now any word which can answer the questions starting from the above mentioned three words will be considered as a noun.
First Example:
Vikramaditya was a great king.
Now in the above statement we can frame a question that is “who was a great king ? ” and the answer we get Vikramaditya, hence it’s a noun. Also, another question can be framed as ” Who was Vikramaditya ?” and the answer is “king” and hence the word “king” will be the second noun in the same statement.
Second Example:
The man purchased a scooter.
In above statement two questions can be asked,
a) Who purchased a scooter ?
b) What did the man purchase ?
and answers to “who” and “what” are “man” and “scooter” and hence we have two nouns in the given sentence.
How many types of nouns are there?
Based on usage there are five different types of nouns :
1. Proper Noun
- Proper name – Proper noun is a particular name given to a person, place or thing.
- Uppercase – The initial letter of a proper noun always starts with a capital letter.
- Zero article – No article is placed prior to a proper noun.
Example :
- Haryana is a state in India
( Haryana is the name of a particular state and India is the name of a particular country ) - Sita has two brothers
(Sita is the name of a particular girl) - Mohan was born on Tuesday
(Mohan is the name of a particular boy and Tuesday is the name of a particular day)
2. Common Noun
- General name – Common noun is a name that represents a category or a class.
- Lowercase – The initial letter of a common noun always starts with a small letter ( except in the beginning of a sentence).
- Article – a/an/the articles can be used prior to a common noun
Example :
- Girls walk in the garden
- I have a grey umbrella
- Mohan has written many novels
3. Material Noun
Substance name – Material noun is a name that represents a substance or material
Article – No articles are placed in front of a material noun
Example :
- Gold is a costly element
- Milk is white in color
4. Collective Noun
Collective noun is the name given to a group of similar things or to the objects belonging to the same category
Example :
- Class
- Family
- Fleet (a collection of ships or vessels)
- Army (a group of soldiers)
- Bevy (a collection of girls) ( बैवि)
- Herd (a group of cattle) (हर्ड)
- Shoal (a collection of fish) (शौल)
- Jury (a collection of judges) (जूरी)
- Flock (a collection of birds)
Collective nouns can further be divided into two parts:
- Compact collective nouns:
These are the nouns which are self-sufficient in their meaning
Crowd – it is easily understood as a group of people and is self-sufficient in their meaning
- Non-Compact collective nouns:
These are the nouns which are not self-sufficient in their meaning
We need to add an adjunct – preposition to explain its meaning and to specify plural
Herd (a group of cattle) – A herd of cattle is drinking water ( herd : non compact collective noun, -of : adjunct preposition )
5. Abstract Noun
FAQS - Abstract noun is the name given to a Feeling, Action, Quality, State Hatred (Feeling) Movement (Action) Honesty (Quality) Sickness (State) These are nouns formed after adding (affixes – prefix/suffix) to common nouns, verbs and adjectives Happiness - Happy ( adjective ) + ness (suffix) Growth - Grow (verb) + th (suffix) Childhood - Child (common) + hood (suffix)
Present continuous tense exercise with answers :
Following are the present continuous tense sentences with solutions. These sentences also include present continuous tense in hindi language which helps everyone to practice and master this tense.
1. Affirmative sentence :
Seema is watching TV
Girls are singing devotional songs.
Ganga is turning the fan on .
Bharat’s government is abolishing the useless laws made by British.
BanyanCrew students are assisting their teachers in bringing great results.
Due to the policies of current government all corrupt people are accumulating under one umbrella .
Certain web series are altering our history.
I am attending my friend’s marriage function .
We are awakening the guard from his sleep everyday.
Police is beating pickpockets
Few advertising companies are making fool of customers by giving fake advertisements.
Due to rising Bharat entire world is befriending us.
Due to their evil nature few countries are wishing bad for Bharat.
Few cruel terrorists are beheading innocent citizens.
Science discoveries are belonging to our scriptures.
2. Negative sentence :
Mukesh is not ploughing his field.
Teachers are not teaching the original history to the students.
Citizens are not bearing the speeches of traitors anymore.
Pushpa is not bending in front of the lioness.
Suresh is not betting in the football world cup.
Money lander is not bidding for Madan’s car.
Suresh is not binding the watch on his wrist.
Mohit is not bringing milk from the dairy.
Minister is not building a new school in the village.
Vimal is not purchsing a new laptop.
Police is not catching the culprit
Lalita is not choosing a proper career after her exams are over.
Manager is not clarifying the doubts of his team members.
An intelligent government is not classifying the citizens on the basis of their casts.
Sarita is not cleaning the window glass.
3. Interrogative sentence :
Are humans learning from their mistakes ?
Are farmers growing wheat crops ?
Is the lizard clinging with the wall.
Are Turkish consuming the goods provided by Bharat?
Are enemies creeping inside the tunnels nearby border areas ?
Is foreign media criticising ISRO ?
Is the woodcutter cutting the tree ?
Are mountaineers daring to climb The Everest ?
Are businessmen exchanging horses ?
Are few actors deceiving the citizens ?
Are players departing from the ground ?
Is Lokesh dreaming to become a scientist ?
Is Puneet drooling at the sight of delicious food ?
Are teachers earning sufficient enough for their survival ?
Is government of Bharat ensuring the safety of it’s citizens stuck in the war zone ?